United States’s gold, as a single cube

The holding

United States’s gold reserve, in proportion

United States's central bank holds about 8,134 tonnes of gold — the single largest sovereign gold reserve on Earth. That is a number most people cannot picture, so picture this instead: gathered into one solid block, every bar of it would form a cube roughly 7.5 m on each side — about a two-storey house. Gold is so dense (19.32 grams per cubic centimetre, about two and a half times the density of iron) that United States's entire reserve, worth approximately $1.1 trillion, would occupy only about 421 cubic meters.

Gold makes up 83.3% of United States's official reserves — an unusually gold-heavy reserve — the signature of a central bank that treats bullion as the bedrock of its balance sheet, not a sideline. Measured against the world's monetary gold, that block is about 22.3% of all the bullion held by every central bank and treasury on the planet. United States sits in North America.

The metal is held at Fort Knox, West Point & the NY Fed. In recent years the holding has been held steady — neither bought nor sold in any size — a quiet vote of confidence in gold's role as a permanent reserve asset. Whether a reserve is growing or steady, its physical footprint barely changes: even doubling United States's gold would only widen the cube by about a quarter — the defining paradox of the metal is that staggering value keeps collapsing into a remarkably small space.

It is worth holding the comparison in mind. The largest reserve on Earth, the United States', is a cube only 7.5 m per side; all the gold ever mined in human history fits inside a cube about 22 m per side — the size of a seven-story building. United States's share of that 6,000-year inheritance is the block you see above.